How to and what to expect from a critique. It is important to remember when giving a critique that poems/short stories are not etched in stone. Rather they are like clay, not yet fired for the ages. They are malleable and pliant.
If one notices a problem, it should be called to the writer’s attention, but in a way that points toward revision, but also note, that what appears to be problematic to you, may not appear so to another reader. Show the writer how the poem effects you. What you see, think, feel, as you read the piece. Point out the possible editing/spelling errors, but do not correct them for the writer.
Point out what’s wrong: No one wants empty praise. When responding to a poem, do not simply write: “this is good” or “this is a strong poem.” Point out specific lines, metaphors, images, and ideas that work, that elicit a response from you. Explain why these devices affect you.
Finally, you don’t want to destroy the writer’s ego by trashing his work. Writing a good critique requires as much skill and training as writing a good story or poem. It should be a balance of encouragement and constructive advice.
I personally think that a "This is great" comment makes me feel good, but if there's nothing specific about what was great it doesn't help me produce similar work in the future. Similarly, "this sucks" or "I hate this kind of story" is unhelpful because there is no effort to help the writer evolve.
Be as specific as possible, but if you truly can't think of anything positive about the work, then say so because some work just is not salvageable, but then make suggestions of other styles that might be appropriate to pursue.
As a writer, you should look not just at the critique but at who is writing it. This is not to say that someone who hasn't published 50 books doesn't know what he is talking about. And if 40 people love the story and the one who doesn't has no credentials but has constructive advice, I'd pay close attention to that individual's comments because he is likely to represent the people who may or may not buy your book. If he just says, "I hate this" while the others point out strengths, I wouldn't toss your work in the garbage.
The basic problem is that when you give a critique, the person receiving it has no idea of your level of experience and whether or not they should take you seriously. But when you post an opinion, proofread it. If your critique is filled with typos, YOU look like an idiot. I think opinions are helpful. As far as receiving a critique, it all comes down to how thick your skin is.
